Infectious diseases such as the common cold and cough may seem minor but if left untreated they can lead to severe consequences. These illnesses are primarily caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. They spread from one person to another through contaminated food or water, bed bug bites, or physical contact. However, most of these illnesses can be treated easily with proper medical care. In this article, we are going to discuss some of the most common infectious diseases that may require a doctor’s attention. 

1. Influenza

Influenza, commonly known as flu, is a respiratory illness that is caused by the influenza virus. Some of the more common symptoms of flu include fever, head and body pain, cough or a runny nose. It is most common during the spring and autumn season. Pregnant people are also at risk of developing serious complications of the flu if they do not get proper medical care. 

2. Dengue

Dengue is a virus that spreads to people usually through mosquito bites. These mosquitoes belong to the infected Aedes species. Some common symptoms of dengue include fever, nausea, rash, aches and pains. Dengue virus infections are one of the most common diseases in underdeveloped regions and areas with improper hygiene. Without proper medical care, dengue can also turn fatal.

3. Pneumonia

Pneumonia is an infection that leads to inflammation in air sacs in one or both lungs. Some common symptoms may include cough, chills, fever and difficulty breathing. Pneumonia can be caused by several different viruses and fungi and can be fatal for infants and elderly people. There are vaccines available that can help prevent a few variants of pneumonia. However, it is advised that you consult a doctor to get the right treatment.

4. Ringworm

Ringworm refers to an itchy and contagious viral infection that leads to the formation of a ring-shaped pattern on your skin. Fungi thrive in warm and moist areas including locker rooms, public showers, and gyms. You often acquire ringworm by being in close contact with an infected person. It can be treated with antifungal medications that are prescribed by dermatologists. 

5. Urinary Tract Infections

A UTI or urinary tract infection is a common type of infection in your urinary system. It can affect any part of your urinary system including the urethra, ureters, bladder and kidneys. Common symptoms include the urge to urinate often, experiencing pain & itching when urinating, and feeling lower back pain. Most urinary tract infections can be treated with an antibiotic, thus making a doctor’s consultation important. 

If you are experiencing any of the above conditions or symptoms related to it then you must book your appointment with a doctor.

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Medically reviewed by Dr Sonia Bhatt.